NOTES: Construction on this country residence of the Russian Imperial family began c.1780 and was completed c. 1825. Its design was typical of the country mansion of the period and was created by a succession of architects, painters and sculptors, notably Charles Cameron who designed the central Great Palace in 1782-1786.
NOTES: The Villa was built completely during the first ten years of Hadrian's rule in two phases. The Canopus was part of the second phase executed in 125-133.